湖南自考本科公共课考试科目英语二考前模拟练习真题及答案

　　一、语法题

　　1. A successful baseball player doesn't( )at a mistake he makes and think of failure.

　　A. error

　　B. success

　　C. situations

　　D. look
 

　　2. One of the( )problems people have with failure is that they are too quick to judge isolated situations in their lives and label them as failures.

　　A. great

　　B. better

　　C. worse

　　D. greatest
 

　　3. I clearly remember a period during which I felt like a failure. But what I ( ) learned was that failing at one thing is not failing at all things.

　　A. error

　　B. use

　　C. eventually

　　D. graceful
 

　　4. In fact, failure is a ( ) part of growth.

　　A. graceful

　　B. necessary

　　C. wrong

　　D. greatest
 

　　5. Clark asked some college students to imagine some( )situations, e.g., a low exam grade.

　　A. unpleasant

　　B. pleasant

　　C. pleased

　　D. pleading
 

　　6. London has been an important city for centuries, and it( )important today.

　　A. was still

　　B. has still been

　　C. had still been

　　D. is still
 

　　7. At present a new road( )in that part of the city.

　　A. is built

　　B. is being built

　　C. will be built

　　D. has been built
 

　　8. The teacher stepped into the classroom and( )the students to open the windows at once.

　　A. to ask

　　B. asking

　　C.asked

　　D. had asked
 

　　9. Keep your head while you( )with others.

　　A. are argued

　　B. are arguing

　　C. will argue

　　D. will be
 

　　10. We're good friends. We( )each other for a long time.

　　A. know

　　B. have known

　　C. had been knowing

　　D. knew
 

　　11. weight 的意思是( )

　　A. 白色

　　B. 波浪

　　C. 等待

　　D. 重量
 

　　12. farming 的意思是( )

　　A. 农村

　　B. 家庭

　　C. 务农

　　D. 农民2
 

　　13. reduce 的意思是( )

　　A. 朗读

　　B. 拒绝

　　C. 减少

　　D. 诱导
 

　　14. process 的意思是( )

　　A. 通过

　　B. 成功

　　C. 过程

　　D. 得到
 

　　15. humor 的意思是( )

　　A. 故意地

　　B. 幽默

　　C. 建议

　　D. 提供
 

　　16. marriage 的意思是( )

　　A. 很多的

　　B. 婚姻

　　C. 结婚

　　D. 资料
 

　　17. college 的意思是( )

　　A. 大学

　　B. 收集

　　C. 村庄

　　D. 颜色
 

　　18. through 的意思是( )

　　A. 认为

　　B. 想法

　　C. 剧院

　　D. 通过
 

　　19. expert 的意思是( )

　　A. 老师

　　B. 专家

　　C. 学生

　　D. 校长
 

　　20. violence 的意思是( )

　　A. 气息

　　B. 邪恶

　　C. 花瓶

　　D. 暴力
 

　　二、阅读判断

　　下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选

　　择 A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择 B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择 C。

　　Text 1

　　Life on the Farm

　　Life on a farm is always changing. New technologies and a rising interest in healthier and organic eating have

　　had a huge impact on how farms do business. At the same time, a growing population has put more demands on

　　farmers. They need to find ways to increase their production levels. The small family farms that used to produce

　　most of the products have been largely replaced by factory farms. Small family farms that are still operating are

　　struggling to keep up.

　　Technology has made most aspects of farm life easier than it has ever been before. Bigger and more efficient

　　equipment makes work such as plowing up fields and sowing the seeds easier. Such tasks used to take two or three

　　times as long. These advances have allowed farmers to work faster and more efficiently than ever before.

　　In addition to newer technology, factory farms produce more products for less money than traditional farming3

　　would require.

　　Modern farm life, despite the introduction of new technologies, has not changed much from what it has always

　　been. Farmers still wake up early, and spend their days doing hard work. There are still animals to feed, cows to be

　　milked, and fields to be plowed. Farm life still requires a lot of hard work and sacrifice.

　　The main change in modern farm life is in the way farms are run. It is common for even small farms to have

　　several hired workers and even an animal manager. Family-run farms are becoming rarer. Factory farms, with other

　　larger farm corporations, are becoming the norm. Although there are still many traditional family farms, they are

　　quickly dying as modern practices change farm life forever.

　　21. Factory farms now produce most of the products.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　22. Farmers prefer to grow healthy and organic food.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　23. Small family farms find it hard to survive.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　24. Plowing and sowing by machines are advances in modern farming.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　25. Modern farm products cost more than those from traditional farming.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　26. Most farmers cannot afford new machines.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　27. Modern farmers do not have to work hard.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　28. New technologies have not changed farm management.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　29. There are fewer and fewer family-run farms now.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　30. Modern farms are hiring workers from cities.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given4
 

　　Text 2

　　Farms Appear in Cities

　　When you hear the word "farm", you may imagine the countryside with cows and crops. But scientists say the

　　farms of the future could be built in tall buildings in some large cities.

　　It may be difficult to believe but in fact the technology for growing crops indoors already exists. Farming in

　　the city is already happening. Some vegetables are already grown in greenhouses. Even the scientists at the South

　　Pole research station can enjoy fresh vegetables they grow in their own greenhouse.

　　Experts say indoor farming solves many problems. First, traditional farming takes up a lot of land. Growing

　　crops in tall buildings—called vertical farming (垂直农业)—can solve the problem. Also, fruits and vegetables

　　grown indoors would not face serious threats from insects and bad weather.

　　Though vertical farms don't exist yet, experts have created a plan for recycling in such farms. The water from

　　indoor fish ponds would be used to water crops. Gases from crop waste would be used to heat the building. Waste

　　from chicken or pigs would be reused as a source of energy.

　　But experts believe vertical farming is not going to be easy. They say it can be difficult to control climate

　　conditions indoors. Besides, plants differ in their weather and lighting needs. For example, some plants like warm,

　　sunny weather, but other plants prefer cooler temperatures.

　　That's not to say these difficulties won't be overcome—but it will take time. Most experts suggest it may take

　　about 5 to 15 years before the first vertical farms could be created.

　　31. The word "farm" may make you think of the countryside.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　32. It is still a dream for people to grow crops indoors.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　33. Scientists at the South Pole research station live a hard life.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　34. Vertical farming does not need as much land as traditional farming.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　35. Fresh fruits and vegetables are very expensive in cities.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　36. Crops grown indoors would not be badly harmed by insects.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　37. Scientists do not know how to reuse the animal waste in vertical farms.( )5

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　38. Some experts say vertical farming could be difficult.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　39. Indoor plants need the same weather and lighting.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　40. The first vertical farms appeared 5 years ago.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　Text 3

　　Running: Sport or Way of Life?

　　You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you.

　　Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run.

　　One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a

　　good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy. It

　　requires discipline and concentration.

　　Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart, lungs, and muscles. It makes

　　you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even

　　help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly.

　　How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs.

　　A simple internet search can help you find some in your area. Then programs show you how running can offer

　　competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies.

　　Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race,

　　you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are or how far you're going.

　　It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition, and effort is recognized

　　over talent.

　　If you're looking for more than just a sport, running may be the perfect choice for you.

　　41. You may find it interesting to go for a run.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　42. The sport of running is easy.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　43. It is hard to find a safe environment for running.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given6
 

　　44. Running is good to people' s body and mind.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　45. A long-distance run is good in many ways.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　46. You can find running programs online.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　47. Running programs set goals for you.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　48. You should go for a run every day.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　49. Runners respect one another as they love the sport.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　50. Running means more than a sport.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　Text 4

　　The Effect of Computers on People

　　Computers are playing a more and more important role in people's lives. Most people's jobs are likely to be

　　affected by computers in one way or another. Teachers, for example, can use computers in the classroom to help

　　their teaching. Students may also have their computers to use. Students can use computers to ask questions and

　　solve problems.

　　It is true that computers can help people do a lot of tasks. However, at the moment, there are a lot of things

　　that a computer cannot do. Computers cannot perform an operation. Computers cannot think like the way people

　　can.

　　Some people are trying to make a program, which will enable computers to think like people. They have got

　　some surprising successes. Some computer programs can play chess much better than the average player. In one

　　game, a computer has beaten the world chess champion. This game is a board game like chess but much simpler.

　　However, computers are only effective when problems are clearly described in advance. They are next to

　　useless when problems are not clearly described. For example, an airplane can fly automatically (自动地) most of

　　the time, but there is always a human pilot in it and can check whether something goes wrong. The human can react

　　to those situations which he may not imagine in advance.7

　　Some people say that computers can never have "minds of their own" because they need a program, which is

　　created by a human, to tell them what to do. This is perfectly true. But how do we know that a program giving a

　　computer a mind of its own cannot be written? Researchers are making efforts to write such a program. Despite this,

　　it is still a long way to write such a program.
 

　　51. Few people's jobs may be affected by computers.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　52. Teachers can use computers to help their teaching.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　53. It is unclear whether computers can help people do a lot of tasks.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　54. Computers can perform an operation.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　55. People have created a program that can enable computers to think like human beings.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　56. In a chess game, the computer has beaten the world chess champion.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　57. Computers are nearly useless when problems are not clearly described.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　58. An airplane can fly automatically most of the time without any humans in it.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　59. There is a long way to go before a program—giving a computer a mind of its own—can be written.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　60. The computer program is more likely to be used in medical industry.( )

　　A: True

　　B. False

　　C. Not Given
 

　　三、阅读选择

　　阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项。8

　　Text 1

　　Man's mind is his tool of survival. The mind is used to gain, use, store, and recall knowledge. It is his mind

　　that enables a farmer to know what to plant, when to harvest it, how to prepare food from the result. It is his mind

　　that enables a hunter to know what he needs to make a spear, how to make it, and how to use it. And it is his mind

　　that enables a blacksmith to know how to make iron tools. In short, it is the mind that enables a person to know

　　what to do in order to survive.

　　Man's mind allows long-range planning and thinking. It enables such long-range planning as required for

　　farming, hunting, and tool making. These efforts require the ability to form concepts of long-term cause and effect

　　chains. "I need to make a spear tonight so I can hunt tomorrow and have food for the next 7 days." There may be

　　environments where people could survive for a while without long-range planning, but without the results of

　　knowledge like spears, fire, and other technologies, people would get out — bred by other animals and die out.

　　Man's mind is his tool for survival, but like all tools, it must be properly used. The mind makes good use of

　　knowledge, and knowledge can only be obtained through reason. Without reason, there is no knowledge, and thus

　　no survival.

　　You must recognize reality and act in accordance with it in order to be successful. To the extent that you use

　　reason as your method of judgment in knowledge and action, you will survive and flourish. If you ignore or escape

　　from reality you will suffer and die.

　　It is very important to note that survival by reason requires the freedom to act according to your reason. That is

　　why people do not develop well in the control of others, and cannot survive when they are subject to force that

　　destroys their ability to act on reason.
 

　　61. It is his mind that enables a farmer to know how to ( ).

　　A: make spears

　　B. hunt for animals

　　C. make iron tools

　　D. cultivate crops
 

　　62. The first two paragraphs show that man's mind ( ).

　　A: is his basic means of survival

　　B. enables him to act at will

　　C. is used to protect themselves

　　D. helps him look into reality
 

　　63. In order to survive, man should ( ).

　　A: be conquered by other animals

　　B. make a long-range plan for the future

　　C. learn to recall knowledge

　　D. learn to think reasonably
 

　　64. Without the results of knowledge like spears, fire, and other technologies, people ( ).

　　A: could only survive for7 days

　　B. would kill off all the animals

　　C. would be controlled by others

　　D. would disappear from the earth
 

　　65. It is reasonable that if people want to survive, they should ( ).

　　A: develop well in the control of others

　　B. ignore or escape from reality9

　　C. have freedom to act on reason

　　D. be subject to certain environments
 

　　Text 2

　　Kindness of Strangers

　　At the store where I worked, I noticed a young boy of about ten shopping alone with his school list. He placed

　　everything in his basket and went to the checkout.

　　The young shop assistant told him the total price, $37.60. The boy was instantly disappointed and said he

　　had only been given $20. He took out one thing at a time until he got down to his $20. With eyes full of tears,

　　he asked if he could phone his mum to pick him up. When he got through, it appeared that even this was

　　inconvenient for his mother.

　　He bit hard on his lip to stop the tears and walked outside to wait on the bench in front of the shop. This was

　　all too much for the young assistant who had served him and she said, "I wish I could afford to pay for the rest of

　　his things." One of the other girls said she had a few dollars. Then two others said they could help as well.

　　These four young girls pooled their money and found that they had more than enough money for the boy's

　　extra purchases. So they upgraded his pens and pencils to top-quality ones, then took the bag out to the boy on the

　　seat. His young face changed from sadness to the most beautiful smile. His mother arrived much later to pick him

　　up. Instead of running to the car, he ran back into the store and called out, "Thank you!"

　　I was so proud of my team that day. They did something wonderful for that boy and also found the pleasure of

　　giving was as great as receiving.
 

　　66. The boy went to the store to( ).

　　A: buy a basket

　　B. ask for help

　　C. shop for school

　　D. make a phone call
 

　　67. At the checkout, the boy found that he( ).

　　A: did not have enough money

　　B. did not have his money on him

　　C. forgot to ask his mum for money

　　D. had lost his money in the store
 

　　68. The boy walked out of the store to( ).

　　A: wait for his mum B. rest on the bench

　　C. get more money

　　D. look for a friend
 

　　69. The shop assistants were( ).

　　A: curious

　　B. wealthy

　　C. well-trained

　　D. kind-hearted
 

　　70. The boy ran back into the store to( ) .

　　A: do extra shopping B. express his thanks

　　C. return the money

　　D. take his bag out
 

　　Text 3

　　Talk to Your Kids about Their Eating Habits Carefully10

　　Weight is never an easy subject. It can be risky for parents to raise the issue of eating habits and weight with

　　their kids.

　　"No kid ever lost weight because his mother told him he was fat," a friend told me when I was worried about

　　my son's weight.

　　It turns out she was right, according to a new study. The study was directed by Dr. Berge at University of

　　Minnesota. She found that kids whose parents discussed eating in a healthy way were less likely to have eating

　　problems. But 64% of the kids whose parents focused on their weight turned to unhealthy eating behaviors. Some

　　kids went on extreme diets, and others even ate no food. So eating disorders were caused. Things were worse when

　　fathers joined in the discussions with their daughters and focused on weight. "Fathers should never comment on

　　their daughters' weight," says Berge. Instead, she suggests, fathers should focus on their daughters' interests. That

　　can help them feel loved and confident enough to work on their weight issues.

　　How should parents talk to kids about eating behaviors? According to Berge, they should avoid focusing on

　　how much their kids weigh. They should talk to them about being healthy. Don't compare them with others. Ideally,

　　both parents should share the responsibility. If that's not possible, choose the parent whose words cause the least

　　amount of stress and who demonstrates healthy eating.
 

　　71. The writer's friend advised her not to( ).

　　A: worry about her son's weight

　　B. take the risk of gaining weight

　　C. change her own eating habits

　　D. talk to her son about his weight
 

　　72. The study found that some kids had fewer eating problems because they( ).

　　A: learned to eat healthily

　　B. took part in the study

　　C. focused on their weight

　　D. believed the scientists
 

　　73. When told about their fatness, some kids( ).

　　A: felt helpless

　　B. became angry

　　C. began to eat no food

　　D. refused to take any advice
 

　　74. If a father focuses on his daughter's interests, she will feel( ).

　　A: amused

　　B. encouraged

　　C. surprised

　　D. challenged
 

　　75. When talking to their kids about eating behaviors, parents should( ).

　　A: focus on being healthy

　　B. use short and simple words

　　C. respect their kids' views

　　D. compare their kids with others
 

　　Text 4

　　The intelligence test used most often today are based on the work of a Frenchman, Alfred Binet. In 1905,

　　Binet was asked by the French Ministry of Education to develop a way to identify those children in French schools11

　　who were too "mentally deficient (不足的)" to benefit from ordinary schooling and who needed special education.

　　The tests had to distinguish those who were merely behind in school from those who were actually mentally

　　deficient.

　　The items that Binet and his colleague Theophile Simon included on the test were chosen on the basis of their

　　ideas about intelligence. Binet and Simon believed intelligence includes such abilities as understanding the

　　meaning of words; solving problems, and making commonsense judgements. Two other important assumptions

　　also shaped Binet's and Simon's work: (1) that children with more intelligence will do better in school and (2) that

　　older children have a greater ability than younger children.

　　Binet's first test consisted of thirty tasks. They were simple things most children learn as a result of their

　　everyday experiences. The tasks were arranged in groups, according to age. Binet decided which tasks were

　　appropriate for a given age group by giving them first to a large number of children of different ages. If more than

　　half of the children of a given age passed a test, it was considered appropriate for that age group.
 

　　76. What's the purpose of the intelligence test designed by Alfred in 1905?( )

　　A: To find good students.

　　B. To put students in a right order.

　　C. To make sure who required particular treatment.

　　D. To identify Alfred's intelligence.
 

　　77. The main purpose of this passage is to ( ).

　　A: select those who need special education

　　B. tell the origin of intelligence tests

　　C. find changes of intelligence tests

　　D. give a brief introduction to Alfred
 

　　78. According to the passage, which of the following is true?( )

　　A: Intelligence has nothing to do with age.

　　B. Problem solving is not included in intelligence.

　　C. More intelligent children usually do better in schools.

　　D. Binet's first test included 40 tasks.
 

　　79. How did Binet decide which task to include on his first test?( )

　　A: At first he gave some of the tasks to different groups of children.

　　B. He first gave all the tasks to many children both young and old.

　　C. At first, he gave all the tasks to many children he thought appropriate.

　　D. He first worked out 30 tasks for mentally deficient children.
 

　　80. Which of the following is closest to "assumption"?( )

　　A: hypothesis

　　B. wrong judgments

　　C. excellent

　　D. disability12
 

　　四、概括段落大意和补全句子

　　阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的二项测试任务：(1)从第 1~5 题后所给的六个选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择一

　　个正确的小标题;(2)从第 6~10 题后所给的六个选项中选择五个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

　　Easy Ways to Green up Your Life

　　① Eating meat produces greenhouse gas emissions(排放). If you can't give up meat completely, you can reduce

　　your consumption or give up beef. Don't eat out-of-season farm products. They are grown in greenhouses. A lot of

　　energy goes into heating the greenhouses. And shipping such out-of-season farm products by air from remote

　　places consumes huge amount of energy, too. Just look for local and in-season foods.

　　② Spend less time behind the wheel, cycle and walk more, and use public transport more. If you have to drive, the

　　first thing is to choose a car that uses comparatively less fuel. Besides, stick to the speed limit, keep your tires

　　properly filled with air, empty your trunk of heavy items, and accelerate and brake gently.

　　③ Want to take a vacation trip by plane? Don't hurry. Think again. Air travel has a big impact on the environment

　　compared with most other forms of travel. You have better choices. Consider having a vacation within driving

　　distance. Of course, taking the train is the best choice.

　　④ Think about how much "stuff" you own. A big part of emissions are linked to our consumption. To reduce it we

　　need a change in consumption culture. Do we really need all the things we buy? And do we always need the newest

　　one? Getting fewer things and making the ones you own last longer will reduce energy use.

　　⑤ Your choices about heating and cooling your home are some of the most important things you can do in terms

　　of cutting your greenhouse gas emissions. Keeping the temperature a little lower in the winter and higher in the

　　summer can make a big difference.

　　81. Paragraph①:( )

　　82. Paragraph②:( )

　　83. Paragraph③:( )

　　84. Paragraph④:( )

　　85. Paragraph⑤:( )

　　A: Change your shopping habit

　　B. Drive less if possible

　　C. Take fewer air trips

　　D. Use air-conditioning moderately

　　E: Take fewer vacations

　　F: Eat less meat and more in-season foods
 

　　86. Eating beef can( ).
 

　　87. One is advised to remove heavy things( ).
 

　　88. One had better take a train( ).
 

　　89. Buying less is one way to ( ).
 

　　90. To save energy, properly control ( ).

　　A: from his car trunk

　　B. your room temperature

　　C. for a vacation trip

　　D. increase greenhouse gas production

　　E: reduce energy use

　　F: your water consumption

　　五、填句补文

　　下面的短文有 5 处空白，短文后有 6 个句子，其中 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，

　　以恢复文章原貌。
 

　　Text 1

　　Fruit

　　Imagine a world without fruit. We wouldn't be very healthy. We get a lot of important vitamins from eating

　　fruit.

　　We think of fruit primarily as something to eat.
 

　　91

　　Fruit is part of a flowering plant and it carries the

　　seeds. The purpose of fruit is to protect a plant's seeds and help them get spread about. Wind and water spread

　　seeds. So do animals when they eat fruit and drop the seeds.
 

　　92

　　.

　　There are two main types of fruit: fleshy and dry. Fleshy fruits are soft and juicy. Pears, bananas and apples

　　are all fleshy fruits. 93 Grains like wheat and rice, or nuts like chestnuts (板栗), are dry fruits.

　　But wait: You've eaten oranges and grapes without seeds. How can they be fruits? It's because people have

　　changed the way they grow fruit. They can now grow seedless fruit. Seedless fruit comes from special plants that

　　are made by combining two varieties of a fruit to form a new variety. These special plants grow and produce seeds.
 

　　94

　　These plants cannot reproduce themselves. They can make fruit, but the fruit has no seeds.

　　Fruits are a source of substances that keep us alive and healthy. So people make use of fruits for many foods.

　　We make juices from them. We make jams and sweets.
 

　　95

　　Beer comes from grains and wine comes from

　　grapes, and some particular wines are made from apples, peaches, or other fruits.

　　A. Dry fruits are thin and hard.

　　B. We even make alcohol from fruit.

　　C. But fruit has a purpose quite apart from our needs.

　　D. So these plants produce fleshy fruits.

　　E. Then the seeds grow into new plants.

　　F. But the plants grown from these seeds are seedless.
 

　　Text 2

　　Relationship between Parents and Children

　　The evidence for harmony (和睦) may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five

　　young people now get on with their parents.
 

　　96

　　An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly

　　shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. "We were surprised by just how

　　positive today's young people seem to be about their families," said one member of the research team. "They're

　　expected to be rebellious (叛逆的) and selfish. But actually they have other things on their minds: they want a car

　　and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. As for the family decision, there's

　　more negotiation (商议) and discussion between parents and children.
 

　　97

　　" So it seems that this generation

　　of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends ."98,"says 17-year-old

　　Daniel Lazall "I always tell them when I'm going out clubbing (泡吧). As long as they know what I'm doing,

　　they're fine with it." Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. "Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of

　　what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I'd done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday14

　　night. But my grandparents didn't always support me.
 

　　99

　　" Maybe this positive view of family life should

　　not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. "
 

　　100

　　. Such a

　　surprise comes from a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But the

　　idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents only happened in the 1960s when everyone rebelled," a

　　researcher comments, "the normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the

　　family business to taking it over."

　　A. I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that

　　B. Children expect to take part in the family decision-making process

　　C. We are surprised that teenagers say they get along well with their parents

　　D. My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me

　　E. I think my grandparents were also as friendly as my parents

　　F. This is opposite to the popular belief that teenagers quarrel endlessly with their parents
 

　　六、填词补文

　　下面的短文有十处空白，短文后列出十二个词，其中十个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位

　　置，以恢复文章原貌。

　　Planting Garden

　　Planting a garden is a lot like having a family. Both require a great deal of work,
 

　　101

　　as they grow

　　and as the seasons
 

　　102

　　. As summer days lengthen, your plants become
 

　　103

　　on you, much like your

　　children depend on you for food and drink. Like a
 

　　104

　　child asking for drink of water, your plants do the

　　same. Their bent body issues a demand much the way your child requests milk or juice. Getting enough water, they

　　would thrive soon. You might also find you have to
 

　　105

　　the space around your plants, much like you pick

　　up toys and clothes that have been thrown in your kid's room. Similarly, roses need to be pruned (修剪) and weeds

　　need to be pulled. To keep children healthy, parents protect their children against disease with
 

　　106

　　, and

　　gardeners do the same with insect repellent (驱虫剂). To nourish (滋养) them, parents
 

　　107

　　children

　　vitamins, and gardeners use fertilizer, as both promote healthy growth.

　　As children grow up, they need less care. However, here's where the similarity ends. While plants die or

　　become
 

　　108

　　during winter, children
 

　　109

　　maintain an important role in the family, and parents will

　　find their
 

　　110

　　does not come to an end.

　　A. help

　　D. inactive

　　G. strong

　　J. thirsty

　　B. clean

　　E. dependent

　　H. give

　　K. medicine

　　C. change

　　F. still

　　I. responsibility

　　L. especially
 

　　七、完形补文15

　　下面的短文有十处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢

　　复文章原貌。

　　Keeping Friendship Alive

　　It's so easy to take good friends (friend) for granted. Like a
 

　　111

　　(comfort) pair of gloves, old friends

　　wear well. But friendships that suffer from busyness and
 

　　112

　　(familiar) can't afford to be neglected too

　　long. They need to be
 

　　113

　　(renew). If you want and need to keep true friendship alive and
 

　　114

　　(health), please consider and think over a list of the most important qualities.
 

　　115

　　(Probable) it will help

　　you to understand why you and your best friend haven't
 

　　116

　　(call) up for ages, why you're getting

　　embarrassed while
 

　　117

　　(be) asked "Whom are you
 

　　118

　　(go) to have fun with this weekend?" You

　　may neglect your intimate friends from time to time, but if you fail to cultivate these
 

　　119

　　(virtue)—loyalty,

　　forgiveness, dedication (奉献) and
 

　　120

　　(honest)——you can't expect to keep true friends.
 

　　八、作文

　　请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。 并将短文写在答题纸相应的位置上。
 

　　121.某英文报社正在举办题为"E-books or Paper Books?"的征文活动。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征。

　　内容包括以下两个方面：

　　●你喜欢电子书还是纸质书?

　　●理由是什么?————答案&解析————

　　1. 【考点】动词

　　答案：D

　　解析：本题考查词性辨析。

　　look at：看;审视;评判;接受，error：n. 错误，过失;[法]误审，违法;[数]误差，success：n. 成功，成就;

　　好成绩，好结果;成功的人(或物)， situations： n. 位置( situation 的名词复数 );(人的)情况;局面;

　　look：vi. 寻找;注意;面向;看起来好像。n. 看;样子;(尤指吸引人的)相貌;眼神。int.(插话或唤起

　　注意)喂，听我说。does 是助动词，后面跟动词原形。故本题选 D。

　　句意：一个成功的棒球运动员不会看到他犯的错误就想到失败。
 

　　2. 【考点】形容词

　　答案：D

　　解析：本题考查形容词最高级形式。

　　problems 为名词，前面需要形容词修饰。而 one of the+形容词最高级，故本题选 D，表示"最大的"。

　　句意：人们面对失败最大的问题之一是，他们很快下结论，以致于无法判断生活中单独的情况，并将这些

　　情况称为失败。
 

　　3. 【考点】副词

　　答案：C

　　解析：本题考查词性辨析。

　　error：n. 错误，过失;[法]误审，违法;[数]误差 ，use：n. 使用;使用权;功能 v. 使用;运用;消耗;

　　服用，eventually：adv. 终究;终于，最后;竟;总归 ，graceful：adj. 优美的，优雅的;雅致的，美好的;

　　得体的;飘逸。I 是主语，learned 是动词，空格处需要填一个副词来修饰 learned。故本题选 C。

　　句意：我清楚地记得有一段时间我觉得自己像个失败者。但我最终知道了，一件事失败了，并不是所有事

　　情都失败了。
 

　　4. 【考点】形容词

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题考查词性辨析。

　　part 为名词，表示部分，此前需要形容词修饰。此句意思为"实际上，失败是成长的一部分"，用 B 选项 necessary

　　必需的修饰最为合适。

　　句意：实际上，失败是成长的一部分。
 

　　5. 【考点】形容词

　　答案：A

　　解析：本题考查词义辨析。

　　16unpleasant：讨厌的;使人不愉快的，pleasant：令人愉快的;可爱的，pleased：高兴的;自鸣得意，pleading：

　　恳求的，请求的。situations 为名词，前面需要形容词修饰，但是根据句意需要填写令人不开心的情况，因

　　此选 A。

　　句意：Clark 让一些大学生想象一些不愉快的情况，例如考试成绩低。
 

　　6. 【考点】时态

　　答案：D

　　解析：本题考查时态。

　　and 是并列连词，前后的时态应该一致。and 前是现在完成时，所以 and 后的句子也应该与现在时相关。

　　而前面的句子因为有 for centuries，所以用完成时。但是 and 后的时间词是 today，所以应该用一般现在时。

　　故本题选 D。

　　句意：伦敦好几世纪以来一直是重要的城市，它至今仍然很重要。
 

　　7. 【考点】被动语态

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题考查现在进行时被动语态的构成。

　　at present：现在，是现在进行时的标志。路是被修的，所以应该用被动语态。现在进行时的被动语态构成：

　　be being done。故本题选 B。

　　句意：目前在城市那一边正在修建一条新路。
 

　　8. 【考点】时态

　　答案：C

　　解析：本句考查时态。

　　and 是并列连词，其前后的成分应保持一致性。and 前的谓语是 stepped into，那么 and 后也应使用一般过去

　　时态。故本题选 C。

　　句意：老师进入教室并且让学生们立刻打开窗户。
 

　　9. 【考点】时态

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题考查时态。while 引导时间状语从句，意思是"当...时候"的时候，应该用现在进行时。故本题选 B。

　　句意：当你和别人争论的时候要保证头脑清醒。
 

　　10. 【考点】时态

　　答案：B

　　解析：for+一段时间与现在完成时连用。我们认识彼此是主动的。故本题选 B。

　　句意：我们是好朋友。我们已经认识很长时间了。
 

　　11. 【考点】词义

　　17答案：D

　　解析：weight 有两个词性：n. 重量，体重;重担，重任;v. 加重于，使变重;使负重。白色：white，波浪：

　　wave，等待：await;wait。故本题选 D。
 

　　12. 【考点】词义

　　答案：C

　　解析：farming 这个词有两种词性：n.务农;畜牧;养殖;农场经营 v.耕种，出租(farm 的 ing 形式)。农村

　　country;village，家庭 family，农民 peasant; farmer。Traditional slash and burn farming methods have exhausted

　　the soil. 传统的刀耕火种农业方式耗尽了土地的肥力。故本题选 C。
 

　　13. 【考点】词义

　　答案：C

　　解析：reduce 作动词意为：减少;缩小;使还原;使变弱;减少;节食;蒸发;(液体)浓缩变稠。朗读

　　read，拒绝 refuse;reject，诱导 induce。

　　拓展：Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year. 过去一年，各项费用已经减少了 20%。故本题选 C。
 

　　14. 【考点】词义

　　答案：C

　　解析：process 作名词意为：过程;工序;做事方法;工艺流程。process 作为及物动词的意思为：处理;加

　　工;审阅;审核。process 作为不及物动词的意思为：列队行进。process 作为形容词的意思为：经过特殊加

　　工(或处理)的。通过 pass，成功 succeed，得到 get;receive;gain。故本题选 C。
 

　　15. 【考点】词义

　　答案：B

　　解析：humor 具有两种词性：n.幽默，心情，诙谐 v. 迎合，牵就，顺应。故意地 deliberately;willfully，建

　　议 suggest;proposal，提供 offer;provide;afford。
 

　　拓展：I think humor is a great lubricant for life. 我认为幽默是人生的上好润滑剂。故本题选 B。

　　16. 【考点】词义

　　答案：B

　　解析：marriage n. 婚姻，很多的 many;plenty;numerous;结婚 get married，资料 file;information。

　　拓展：I will commune with you of your marriage. 我愿推心置腹地与你谈谈你的婚姻问题。故本题选 B。
 

　　17. 【考点】词义

　　答案：A

　　解析：college ['kɒlɪdʒ] n. 大学，收集 gather; collect; collection，村庄 village，颜色 colour。

　　拓展：She enrolled in college yesterday. 她昨天注册进入了大学。故本题选 A。
 

　　18. 【考点】词义

　　答案：D

　　解析：through 作为介词的意思为：透过;经由;通过，穿过，through 作为副词的意思为：从头到尾;彻底;

　　自始至终，through 作为形容词的意思为：贯穿的;直达的。认为 think，想法 idea;thought，剧院 theater。

　　故本题选 D。
 

　　19. 【考点】词义

　　答案：D

　　解析：muscle n. 肌肉，博物馆 museum，蘑菇 mushroom，音乐 music。

　　拓展：He strained his muscle in the match. 他在那次比赛中拉伤了肌肉。故本题选 D。
 

　　20. 【考点】词义

　　答案：D

　　解析：violence——n.暴力，强暴，暴虐;猛烈，激烈;歪曲(事实)，曲解(意义);冒渎，不敬。breath;

　　smell 气息，evil，wicked 邪恶，vase;jardiniere 花瓶。

　　拓展：They threaten them with violence. 他们对其进行暴力威胁。故本题选 D。
 

　　21. 答案：A

　　解析：本题考察细节题，做题方法为定位+精读。可从 factory farms 和 most of 入手。定位到第一段倒数第

　　二句可知，过去生产大部分农产品的小型家庭农场已经被工厂化农场所取代。题干意思：工厂化农场现在

　　生产大部分产品。所以题干表述正确，故本题选 A。
 

　　22. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 healthy and organic food 入手。定位到第一段第二句说到了健康和有机的食物，但指的是人

　　们对于这两种食物有兴趣，并未提及农民更倾向于种植这两种类型的食品。题干意思：农民喜欢种植健康

　　的有机食品。故本题选 C。
 

　　23. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 small family farms 和 hard to survive 入手。定位到第一段最后一句，可知，仍在运营的小型

　　家庭农场正在努力跟上形势。题目中"hard to survive"与原文"struggling to keep up"意思一致。题干意思：小

　　型家庭农场很难生存。所以题干表述正确，故本题选 A。
 

　　24. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 modern farming 和 plowing and sowing 入手。定位到第二段第二句，可知，更大、更高效的

　　设备使诸如耕地和播种等工作更容易进行。定位到第二段最后一句，可知，这些进步使农民比以往任何时

　　候都更快、更高效地工作。所以这里的 advances 指的就是前面提到的 equipment。所以此描述内容与题干表

　　述内容相符。题干意思：耕作和机械播种是现代农业的进步。故本题选 A。
 

　　25. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 modern farm 和 cost more 入手。定位到第三段，可知，除了更新的技术外，工厂化农场生

　　产的产品比传统农业所需的成本更低，产量更多。"modern farm"与原文中"factory farms"对应，原文提到工

　　厂化农场产量高但花费少，所以应该是 modern farm products cost less than those from traditional farming.题干

　　意思：现代农产品的价格比传统农产品高。所以题干表述错误，故本题选 B。
 

　　26. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 farmers 和 cannot afford 入手。定位到第四段，除了新技术的引进，现代农业生活没有太多

　　改变。农民依旧早起辛苦工作和一些日常农业生活，并没有提到他们买不起新机器。题干意思：大多数农

　　民买不起新机器。故本题选 C。
 

　　27. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 modern farmers 和 do not have to 入手。定位到第四段第二句，可知，农民们仍然很早就醒

　　了，整天都在辛勤劳动。题干意思：现代农民不必努力工作。所以题干与原文内容不符，故本题选 B。
 

　　28. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 new technologies 和 have not changed 入手。定位到第一段第二句，可知，新技术和对健康

　　有机饮食的日益增长的兴趣对农场的经营方式产生了巨大影响。题干意思：新技术并未改变农场管理。所

　　以题干表述与原文不符，故本题选 B。
 

　　29. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 family-run-farms 和 fewer and fewer 入手。定位到最后一段第三句，可知，家庭经营的农场

　　越来越少。题干意思：现在家庭经营的农场越来越少了。所以题干表述内容与原文内容一致，故本题选 A。
 

　　30. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 modern farms 和 hiring, cities 入手。定位到最后一段第二句，可知，即使是小农场，也常常

　　有几个雇佣工人，甚至还有一个动物管理员。但并未提及现代农场雇佣城市来的工人。题干意思：现代农

　　场正在从城市雇佣工人。所以题干表述内容未在文中提及，故本题选 C。
 

　　31. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 countryside 入手。 根据第一段第一句 "When you hear the word "farm", you may imagine the

　　countryside with cows and crops."可知听到农场这个词会想起满是牛群和庄稼的乡村。所以题干中的句子表述

　　正确，故本题选 A。
 

　　32. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 grow crops indoors 入手。定位到文章第二段第一、二句"It may be difficult to believe but in fact

　　the technology for growing crops indoors already exists. "可知室内作物种植已经出现，所以该题干表述有误，

　　故本题选 B。
 

　　33. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从"scientists"和"South Pole research station"入手。 通过关键词"South Pole research station"定位

　　第二段最后一句可知"甚至南极研究站的科学家也可以享用他们自己温室里种植的新鲜蔬菜。" 但并未提及

　　在南极研究站的科学家们生活艰苦一事，故本题选 C。
 

　　34. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从题干中的句子的 land 入手。

　　根据"land"、"traditional farming"、"vertical farming"定位到第三段第二、三句"First, traditional farming takes up

　　a lot of land. Growing crops in tall buildings-called vertical farming(垂直农业)can solve the problem." 意为：

　　传统农业种植需要许多土地，但是垂直农业能解决这个问题。也就是说垂直农业不像传统农业种植那样需

　　要那么多的土地。所以题干叙述正确。故本题选 A。
 

　　35. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从"fruits"、"vegetables"和"expensive"入手。根据 vegetables 可发现文章第二段第三句"一些蔬菜

　　已经在温室里种植了。"但并未提及价格问题。而根据 fruits and vegetables 可定位到文章第三段第四句话。

　　但此处只提到了"室内种植的水果和蔬菜不会面临昆虫和恶劣天气的严重威胁。"也未提及价格问题。故本题

　　选 C。
 

　　36. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从"indoors"和"insects"入手。 根据文章第三段最后一句可知：室内农场不会面临严重的虫害和

　　恶劣天气的威胁。那么可知，虫害根本无法伤害室内的作物。所以题干中的句子陈述的内容是正确的。故

　　本题选 A。
 

　　37. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从"reuse"和"waste"这两个词入手。 根据"reuse"和"waste"定位到文章倒数第三段最后一句"鸡

　　或猪的粪便将被重新用作能源。"可见科学家会将鸡和猪的粪便用作能源，所以科学家知道如何利用动物的

　　粪便。故题干表述错误，故本题选 B。
 

　　38. 答案：A

　　解析：本题需从 difficult 入手。定位到倒数第二段第一句和第二句，可知，但专家们认为，垂直农业并不容

　　易。他们说很难控制室内的气候条件。可见垂直农业并非易事，所以题干表述正确。故本题选 A。
 

　　39. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 weather 和 lightening 入手。定位到倒数第二段第三句，可知，不同植物对天气和光照的要

　　求不同，所以题干表述错误。故本题选 B。
 

　　40. 答案：B

　　21解析：本题可从"5 years"入手。 文中出现过 5 年的句子是最后一段的最后一句"科学家们认为要克服垂直农

　　场的问题需要 5 到 15 年"，可见现在垂直农场还未出现。但是题干说垂直农场已经出现，且是在 5 年前出现

　　的，所以题干中的句子表述错误，故本题选 B。
 

　　41. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 interesting 入手。

　　定位到第一段第一句可知，电视频道已经没什么能使你感兴趣的了。然后第二、三句转折表示，没关系，

　　穿上跑鞋和舒服的衣服出去跑步，可知跑步更有趣。所以题干表述正确，故本题选 A。
 

　　42. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 easy 这个词入手。

　　定位到文中第二段的第三句"但不要愚蠢地以为跑步运动很容易。它需要纪律和专注。"，关键词"fooled"愚

　　蠢的，可见觉得跑步简单是愚蠢的想法，所以题干句子表述错误，故本题 B。
 

　　43. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 safe environment 入手。 根据文中 safe environment 定位到第二段的第二句，发现 safe environment 在该句中出现。但文中并未提及安全的跑步环境不容易寻得，所以题干的描述在文中"没有提及"。故本题选 C。

　　44. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 body 和 mind 入手。 body and mind 指的是身心健康。所以定位到第三段第一句，跑步在生

　　理和精神上都有益健康。"physically"和"mentally"分别对应"body"和"mind"。 所以题干表述内容正确，故本

　　题选 A。
 

　　45. 答案：C

　　解析：本题需从 long-distance run 入手。文章多处提到跑步有很多益处，但并没有明确提到长跑(long-distance

　　run)的好处。故本题选 C。
 

　　46. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从"online"这个词入手。根据"online"也就是跟 internet 相关，定位到文中第四段的第二、三句

　　"Most schools offer running programs. A simple internet search can help you find some in your area." 意为：大多

　　数学校都提供跑步项目。所以在网上简单的搜索就可以找到跑步项目，所以题干表述内容正确。故本题选 A。
 

　　47. 答案：B

　　解析：根据题干句子中的关键词"goal"定位到文中第四段最后一句，可知，他们还教跑步者设定实际目标，

　　照顾好自己的身体。其中"they"指"running programs"。但题干句子的意思是跑步项目给你设置了目标，文中

　　说的是教会，而不是直接设置。所以题干表述有误，故本题选 B。
 

　　48. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 every day 入手。在全文搜索关键词"every day"，可发现文章并未提及跑步的频次问题。所

　　以文章未提及是否应该每天跑步。故本题选 C。
 

　　49. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 respect 入手。定位到第五段第一句可知，跑步者互相尊重，因为他们知道这项运动有多困

　　难，而不是因为他们热爱运动。所以因果不一致，题干句子表述错误。故本题选 B。

　　50. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 more than a sport 入手。

　　定位到最后一段最后一句可知，如果你不仅仅是在寻找一项运动，跑步可能是你的最佳选择。所以跑步不

　　仅仅是一项运动，所以题干表述内容正确。故本题选 A。
 

　　51. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 jobs 和 affected 入手。定位到第一段第二句可知，大多数人的工作可能会受到电脑的某种影

　　响。题干意思是：很少人的工作会受到电脑的影响。题干表述与原文不符，故本题选 B。
 

　　52. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 teachers 和 teaching 入手。定位到第一段第三句可知，例如，教师可以在教室里使用电脑来

　　帮助他们教学。题干意思是：教师可以使用计算机来帮助他们的教学。题干表述与原文相符，故本题选 A。
 

　　53. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 tasks 入手。定位到第二段第一句可知，的确，计算机可以帮助人们完成许多任务。题干意

　　思是：目前还不清楚计算机是否能帮助人们完成很多任务。题干表述与原文不符，故本题选 B。

　　54. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 operation 入手。定位到第二段第三句可知，计算机无法进行手术。题干意思：计算机可以

　　进行手术。题干表述与原文不符，故本题选 B。
 

　　55. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 program 和 think like human beings 入手。定位到第三段第一句可知，有些人正试图制作一

　　个程序，使计算机能够像人一样思考。题干意思是：人们发明了一种程序，可以使计算机像人一样思考。

　　题干表述与原文不符，故本题选 B。
 

　　56. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 chess game 和 chess champion。

　　定位到第三段最后两句可知，在一场比赛中，一台电脑击败了国际象棋世界冠军。这是一个类似象棋的棋

　　盘游戏，但要比象棋简单得多。题干意思是：在一场象棋比赛中，计算机击败了世界象棋冠军。题干表述与原文不符，故本题选 B。

　　57. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 useless 和 problems 入手。定位到第四段第二句，当问题描述不清楚时，它们几乎是无用的。

　　题干意思是：当问题描述不清楚时，计算机几乎是无用的。题干表述与原文相符，故本题选 A。
 

　　58. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 airplane 和 automatically 入手。定位到第四段第三句可知，例如，一架飞机可以在大部分时

　　间自动飞行，但里面总有一个人类飞行员，可以检查是否出了问题。题干意思是：一架飞机大部分时间都

　　能自动飞行，没有人在里面。题干表述与原文不符，故本题选 B。
 

　　59. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 long way 入手。定位到最后一段最后两句可知，研究人员正在努力编写这样一个程序。尽

　　管如此，编写这样的程序还有很长的路要走。题干意思是：要写一个给计算机独立思维的程序还有很长的

　　路要走。题干表述与原文相符，故本题选 A。
 

　　60. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 used 和 medical 入手。定位到文中，并未提及计算机程序未来的应用。题干意思是：计算

　　机程序更有可能用于医疗行业。题干表述在文中未提及，故本题选 C。
 

　　61. 答案：D

　　解析：根绝关键词 farmer 定位到第一段第三句话：

　　It is his mind that enables a famer to know what to plant, when

　　to harvest it, how to prepare food from the result. 正是他的思想使一个农民知道种植什么，什么时候收割，如

　　何从结果中准备食物。make spears：制作长矛;hunt for animals：捕杀动物;make iron tools：制造铁具;cultivate

　　crops：种植庄稼。故选 D。
 

　　62. 答案：A

　　解析：本题考查前两段的主旨。前两段介绍了人类的思想对于人们来说的重要意义。第一段：是思想让人

　　知道为了生存该做什么。第二段：人的思想使得人类得以进行长远的计划和思考。只有 A 选项"是人们的基

　　本生活方式"足以概括这两段。故选 A。
 

　　63. 答案：B

　　解析：根据关键词 survive 定位到第二段最后一句话：There may be environments where people could survive for

　　a while without long-range planning, but without the results of knowledge like spears, fire, and other technologies,

　　people would get out—bred by other animals and die out.所以要想生存下去，就要运用思想来为将来做一个长

　　远的计划。故选 B。
 

　　64. 答案：D解析：文中第二段最后一句话提到：without the results of knowledge like spears, fire, and other technologies,

　　people would get out — bred by other animals and die out. 如果没有像矛、火和其他技术这样的知识成果，人

　　们就会消失——被其他动物吃掉并灭绝。故选 D：从地球上消失。
 

　　65. 答案：C

　　解析：倒数第二段提到：如果你在知识和行动中用理性作为判断的方法，你将会生存和繁荣。如果你忽视

　　或逃避现实，你将遭受痛苦并死去。最后一段第一具体到：It is very important to note that survival by reason

　　requires the freedom to act according to your reason.所以要想生存下去，他们就应该有理性行动的自由，这是

　　合理的。故选 C。
 

　　66. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从第一段入手。定位到第一段第一句，可知，在我工作的那家商店，我注意到一个十几岁的

　　男孩独自一人带着他的学校购物清单。所以可知，男孩是为了买学校的用品。故选 C。
 

　　67. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 checkout 入手。定位到第二段前三句，可知，总价是 37.6 美金，但是男孩只有 20 美金。所

　　以可知小男孩没带够钱。故本题选 A。
 

　　68. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 walk out of 入手。

　　定位到第三段第一句，可知，他咬着嘴唇忍住眼泪，走到外面，在商店前面的长椅上等着。根据后文讲到

　　男孩的妈妈来接他，可知男孩出来是等妈妈。故本题选 A。

　　69. 答案：D

　　解析：本题可从售货员的行为入手。根据文章第四段前两句可知，这四个年轻女孩凑齐了钱，发现她们有

　　足够的钱来买男孩的额外物品。于是她们把他的钢笔和铅笔升级成了最好的，然后把包拿出来交给了坐在

　　座位上的男孩。由此可知售货员们心地善良。故本题选 D。
 

　　70. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 ran back to the store 入手。定位到倒数第二段最后一句，可知，他没有跑向汽车，而是跑回

　　了商店，大声说："谢谢!" 可知小男孩回商店表达了感谢。故本题选 B。
 

　　71. 答案：D

　　解析：本题可从 friend 和 advise 入手。定位到第二段引号中的话，可知，孩子不会因为母亲说自己胖就去

　　减肥。可推出，朋友建议不要和孩子谈论体重。故本题选 D。
 

　　72. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 eating problems 入手。定位到第三段的第三句，可知，父母如果和孩子讨论健康的饮食方

　　25法，孩子就会少出现饮食问题。由此可推出，孩子之所以少出现饮食问题，是因为学会了健康饮食。故本

　　题选 A。
 

　　73. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 some kids 入手。定位到第三段第五句，可知，有些孩子会进行过激的饮食，有些甚至不吃

　　东西。可知有些孩子在这种情况下会不吃任何食物。故本题选 C。
 

　　74. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 father、focus 和 interests 入手。定位到第三段倒数两句，可知，相反，她建议，父亲应该关

　　注女儿的兴趣。这可以帮助她们感到被爱和足够的自信来解决他们的体重问题。由关键词 feel loved(感受

　　到被爱的)和 confident(自信的)，这两个词都是表示正向、积极意义的。可知本题选 B。A：觉得好笑的、

　　C：惊讶的、D：受到挑战的，这三个词表达的感情都与文中体现的感情不符。
 

　　75. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 talking 和 eating behaviors 入手。定位到最后一段的第三句，可知，父母跟孩子谈的时候，

　　应该谈关注健康饮食。故本题选 A。
 

　　76. 答案：C

　　解析：本题考查第一段的主旨大意。

　　第一段主要讲了：古代世界有许多不同的文化，但对欧美文明影响最大的是希腊和罗马。通常这两种文化

　　在我们的脑海中被混在一起，就好像它们真的完全一样。但事实并非如此。在许多方面，希腊人和罗马人

　　是很不一样的。可知这一段的重点在于最后，告诉读者希腊人和罗马人是不同的。故本题选 C。
 

　　77. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从选项入手。

　　选项中提及的是与政治相关的内容。所以可知第二段是回答本题的主要范围。第二段将希腊和罗马的政治

　　文化进行对比，根据第二段内容可知，希腊的政治强调民主，罗马强调专制。所以罗马的政治自由和民主

　　较少。故本题选 B。
 

　　78. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 Greeks famous for 入手，要找到 Greeks 的特殊之处。

　　定位到第二段第三四句，可知，希腊人往往更具艺术性。他们的建筑结构很好，他们对寺庙、柱子和装饰

　　形式特别感兴趣。故本题选 B。
 

　　79. 答案：D

　　解析：本题可从 two cultures alike 入手。定位到倒数第二段。可知本段讲的是饮食方面的相似之处。根据该

　　段第二句可知，两国的人确实吃得很好：很多鱼，新鲜蔬菜和水果，健康的膳食，同时进行长时间的讨论

　　和品尝极好的葡萄酒。所以可知两国饮食文化的共同点是在饭桌上讨论。故本题选 D。
 

　　80. 答案：D

　　解析：本题可将选项与原文对照。

　　A：根据第一段最后一句可知，希腊人和罗马人是不一样的，所以 A 错误。

　　B：根据倒数第二段可知，两国的人都吃很多鱼，所以 B 错误。

　　C：根据第三段第三句可知，希腊人更具艺术感。所以排除 C。

　　D：根据第二段第一句可知，希腊人很民主。

　　故本题选 D。
 

　　81. 答案：F

　　解析：本文介绍了几种绿色生活的方式。第一段的关键词是 meet，具体介绍了吃肉和反季节食物是怎样增

　　强温室效应的。所以本段的主旨句为 F 选项：少吃肉，多吃应季食品。
 

　　82. 答案：B

　　解析：第二段第一句话为本段主旨句：Spend less time behind the wheel, cycle and walk more, and use public

　　transport more.少开车，多骑车，多走路，多使用公共交通工具。故选择 B 选项：尽可能少开车。
 

　　83. 答案：C

　　解析：本段介绍了与其他旅行出行方式相比，坐飞机对于环境的不良影响。根据前三句话：Want to take a

　　vacation trip by plane? Don't hurry. Think again.可知，作者对于坐飞机出行是持否定态度的，故选择 C 选项：

　　少坐飞机。
 

　　84. 答案：A

　　解析：本段介绍了人们的不良购物习惯以及这种习惯带来的不良影响。根据 To reduce it we need a change in

　　consumption culture. 以及 Getting fewer things and making the ones you own last longer will reduce energy use.

　　可以判断，本段的主旨为 A 选项：改变你的购物习惯。
 

　　85. 答案：D

　　解析：本段的关键词为"Your choices about heating and cooling"，即对于空调的使用。最后一句提到：Keeping

　　the temperature a little lower in the winter and higher in the summer can make a big difference.冬天保持温度低一

　　点，夏天保持温度高一点，会有很大的不同。所以本段的主旨和空调有关，故选 D 选项：适度使用空调。
 

　　86. 答案：D

　　解析：本题可从 Eating beef 入手，定位到文中第一段前两句：Eating meat produces greenhouse gas emissions(排

　　放). If you can't give up meat completely, you can reduce your consumption or give up beef.吃肉会产生温室气体

　　排放。如果你不能完全放弃肉类，你可以减少对于肉类的消费或放弃吃牛肉。题干中空格前为情态动词，

　　所以这里应该是以动词原形开头，结合语境来看，选择 D 选项。
 

　　87. 答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 heavy things 入手。空格前已经是完整的句子，所以这里可以填介词短语作状语。定位到文

　　中第二段最后一句话"empty your trunk of heavy items"把你箱子里的重东西倒出来，故选择 A 选项。
 

　　88. 答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 take a train 入手。定位到文中第三段。所给题干已经是一个完整的句子，所以这里需要选

　　一个介词短语做状语。故选择 C 选项：度假旅行最好乘火车。
 

　　89. 答案：E

　　解析：本题可从 Buying less 入手。定位到文中第四段最后一句话：Getting fewer things and making the ones you

　　own last longer will reduce energy use. 买更少的东西，让你拥有的东西更耐用，会减少能源消耗。故选择 E

　　选项：减少购买是减少能源使用的一种方法。
 

　　90. 答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 properly control 入手。定位到文中最后一段最后一句话：Keeping the temperature a little lower

　　in the winter and higher in the summer can make a big difference. 冬天保持温度低一点，夏天保持温度高一点，

　　会有很大的不同。故选择 B 选项：为了节省能源，适当控制室内温度。
 

　　91. 答案：C

　　解析: 空前在说我们认为水果主要是吃的东西。空后在说水果是开花植物的一部分，它携带种子。所以这是

　　两种不同的看法。中间应该有一个转折句，引出下文。故本题选 C。
 

　　92. 答案：E

　　解析:前面说风和水可以传播种子，动物吃水果和丢弃籽时也可以传播种子。那么种子被种下以后，后面应

　　该是顺承的内容：种子长成新的植物。故本题选 E。
 

　　93. 答案：A

　　解析:本段讲两种水果——多肉的和干性的。前面讲的是多肉的水果的特点并举例。那么空格处缺少的是介

　　绍干性水果的特点。后面是举例，故本题选 A。
 

　　94. 答案：F

　　解析:本段在讲无籽水果的形成。空前在说这些特殊的植物生长并产生种子。空后说这些植物不能自己繁殖。

　　那么此处应该讲种子和植物之间的关系。故本题选 F。
 

　　95. 答案：B

　　解析:空格前在讲我们用水果制作果汁、果酱和糖果。空格后面讲啤酒和白酒由什么制作而成。所以空格处

　　应该是用水果制作饮料相关。故本题选 B。

　　96. 答案：F

　　解析: 第一段第一句在说家庭和睦在有些家庭中表现的并不明显。第二句的 but 引出现在五分之四的年轻人

　　和他们的父母相处得很好。所以本段主要讲家庭中父母和孩子的关系问题。只有选项 F 的意思和前两句有

　　关系。故本题选 F。
 

　　97. 答案：B

　　解析: 根据前一句的"至于家庭决定，父母和孩子之间有更多的商议和讨论。

　　"与之关系最紧密的是 B 选项(孩

　　子们希望参与家庭决策过程)。故本题选 B。
 

　　98. 答案：D

　　解析: 根据第三段第一句可知，这一代父母似乎比 30 年前的父母更愿意把他们的孩子当作朋友。所以本段

　　应该讲的应该是父母跟孩子之间以朋友关系相处的例子。本句引用的一个孩子的话，所以应该是第一人称

　　叙述，后面表示他会告诉父母他要去泡吧，也就是他会和父母沟通，且父母也愿意让他去(言外之意就是

　　父母听他的意见)，故本题选 D。
 

　　99. 答案：A

　　解析: 此处还是引用的某个孩子的话，所以应该用第一人称叙述。本句前一句提到了祖父母不太同意他在做

　　完作业之后出去玩，也就是祖父母比父母更严厉，故本题选 A。
 

　　100. 答案：C

　　解析: 根据第四段第一句可知，也许这种对家庭生活的积极看法不应该出乎意料，也就是说父母跟孩子的积

　　极的关系是让大家很惊讶的。而本句后一句提到了 surprise，和 C 选项相呼应。故本题选 C(我们很惊讶的

　　是青少年说他们和父母相处得很好)。
 

　　101. 答案：L

　　解析: 首先分析句子结构，本句句子成分完整，逗号后面是 and 连接的两个 as 引导的状语从句，所以这里

　　应该选填一个副词作状语。选项中只有 still 和 especially 是副词。still：仍然;especially ：特别，尤其。带

　　入语境之后后者符合，故选 L。
 

　　102. 答案：C

　　解析: and 后面是 as 引导的状语从句，和前一个从句结构相同，空格前是从句的主语，所以这里要选填一个

　　动词原形作谓语。所以要从 ABCH 四个选项中做选择。因为主语是 seasons：季节，故选 C：改变，变换。

　　句意：种植一个花园很像拥有一个家庭。两者都需要大量的工作，尤其是随着它们的生长和季节的变化。
 

　　103. 答案：E

　　解析: 空格前是系动词 become，后面是介词 on。这里考查的是固定搭配 be/become dependent on：取决于，

　　依赖。句意：随着夏日的延长，你的植物变得依赖你，就像你的孩子依赖你吃喝一样。104. 答案：J

　　解析: 空格前是不定冠词 a，后面是名词 child，所以这里要选填一个形容词修饰后面的名词。所以要从 DFGJ

　　四个选项中做选择。根据后面的 asking for drink of water"要喝水"可推知，孩子应该是渴了，故选 J 选项。

　　thirsty：口渴的。
 

　　105. 答案：B

　　解析: 空格前是 have to，表示"不得不，必须"，这里应该填一个动词原形。所以要从 ABH 三个选项中做选

　　择。句中的 much like 表示类比，后面意思是把孩子身边的玩具和衣服都拿走，所以这里表示的大概是把植

　　物边上的空间也腾出来。B 选项 clean：清扫，打扫。代入句中符合题意，故选 B。
 

　　106. 答案：K

　　解析: 空格前是介词 with，所以这里要填一个名词或者动名词。然后分析本句句意：为了保持孩子的健康，

　　父母用...来保护他们的孩子免受疾病的侵害。故选 K 选项 medicine：药，药物。
 

　　107. 答案：H

　　解析:首先分析句子成分，第一个逗号前是不定式作目的状语，and 连接两个独立的句子，后面的 as 引导状

　　语从句。空格前是主语 parents，后面是宾语 children，所以这里要填一个动词原形作谓语。所以要从 AH 两

　　个选项中做选择。因为宾补是 vitamins"维生素"，所以应该是家长们"给"孩子维生素，故选 H。give：给。
 

　　108. 答案：D

　　解析:首先分析句子成分，逗号前是 while 引导的状语从句，or 连接两个并列谓语，空格前是系动词 become，

　　所以这里要填一个名词或者形容词。根据语境分析，这里是在说冬天的时候，植物会死掉或者不活跃，这

　　里应该选择一个表示消极意义的词语。故选 D 选项 inactive：不活动的，不活跃的。
 

　　109. 答案：F

　　解析: 首先分析句子成分，两个逗号间是一个完整的句子，且不缺句子成分，空格前是主语，后面是谓语动

　　词，所以这里要填一个副词修饰后面的动词。选项中副词只剩 still：仍然。代入句中：尽管植物在冬天死亡

　　或变得不活跃，但孩子们仍然在家庭中扮演着重要的角色。句子通顺，符合语境，故选 F。
 

　　110. 答案：I

　　解析:空格前是形容词性物主代词 their，所以这里应该填一个名词。responsibility：责任。代入句中：尽管植

　　物在冬天死亡或变得不活跃，但孩子们仍然在家庭中扮演着重要的角色，父母会发现他们的责任并没有结

　　束。符合语境，故选 I。
 

　　111. 答案: skiing

　　解析：此处缺少动词。enjoy doing sth.：喜欢做某事。所以变 ski 为 skiing。

　　句意：许多人喜欢在冬天滑雪。

　　112. 答案: preparations

　　解析：此处缺少名词。necessary 是形容词，形容词修饰名词，所以变 prepare 为名词 preparation，前面没有

　　冠词，所以变为复数 preparations。make preparations：做准备。

　　句意：在去滑雪之前，你应该做好必要的准备：首先，穿上合适的衣服，确保暖和舒适。
 

　　113. 答案:important

　　解析：此处缺少形容词。

　　are 是系动词，其后缺少表语。most 是副词，所以空格处应填形容词。所以变 importance 为 important。

　　句意：脚和头是最重要的，因为热量很容易从身体的这些部位逸出。
 

　　114. 答案: allows

　　解析：此处缺少动词。

　　and 是并列连词，其前后连接的成分具有一致性，所以空格处应填动词。主语是 footwear，

　　所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。所以变为 allows。

　　句意：确保你的鞋非常合脚，让脚可以呼吸。
 

　　115. 答案: absolutely

　　解析：此处缺少副词。

　　is 是系动词，essential 是形容词，所以空格处填副词修饰 essential。所以变为 absolutely。

　　句意：覆盖你的头部是绝对必要的，因为大约 80%的身体热量可以通过头部散失。
 

　　116. 答案: divided

　　解析：此处缺少动词。 be+动词过去分词形式构成被动。所以变 divide 为 divided。

　　句意：滑雪可分为越野滑雪和速降。
 

　　117. 答案: different

　　解析：此处缺少形容词。is 是系动词，其后缺表语。much 是副词，所以空格处填形容词。所以变为 different。

　　句意：这和你通常在健身房做的运动，以及肌肉热身没有太大的不同。
 

　　118. 答案: warm

　　解析：此处缺少动词。不定式表目的，所以空格处填动词原形 warm。

　　句意：这和你通常在健身房做的运动，以及肌肉热身没有太大的不同。
 

　　119. 答案: qualified

　　解析：此处缺少形容词。句子主干完整，instructors 是名词，所以空格处可填形容词修饰 instructors，所以

　　变 qualify 为形容词 qualified。

　　句意：初学者可以向有资历的教练学习基本技能。
 

　　120. 答案: injuries

　　解析：此处缺少名词。avoid sth.避免某事。injury 是可数的，但是前面没有冠词修饰，所以变为复数形式injuries。

　　句意：当你失去控制时，跌倒向身体的一侧，而不是向前或向后，以避免受伤。
 

　　121. 参考范文：

　　When it comes to (the choice of read), different people hold different views. Some contend that (prefer to read

　　E-books). For one thing, (It is very easy to read, you can download in the internet want to read the content to your

　　phone, anywhere you can read.). For another (A lot of E-books do not spend money to buy, so that E-books can

　　help you save money.)

　　In spite of all these claims, others maintain that (paper books is better), and they point out that (paper books

　　give a feeling of true reading). Another instance often cited is that (read paper books can protect people's eyes).

　　It's no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue. As for me, there's some truth to both arguments. It's

　　advisable to (make your choice depending on according to your context).

　　注：括号内为话题语料

　　本文是一篇对比选择类型的议论文。

　　写作点拨：

　　1. 首先确定作文主题——E-books or Paper Books?

　　2. 根据题目中所给提示，首段先引出主题。然后阐述自己的看法。

　　3. 第二段主要讲述电子书和纸质书的利弊。

　　4. 第三段作为结尾，再次明确自己的态度及看法。

　　【写作框架】：

　　When it comes to ____, different people hold different views. Some contend that ____. For one thing, ____. For another, ___.

　　In spite of all these claims, others maintain that ____，They point out that ____. Another instance often cited is that ____.

　　It's no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue. As for me, there's some truth to both arguments. It's advisable to ______.